Achuar  With Spanish Diglot   Ethnologue  Achuar-Shiwiar (acu)  There are close to 10,000 speakers of Achuar-Shiwiar in Peru and Ecuador.

Aguaruna  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue  Aguaruna (agr)  They are one of the largest groups of indigenous peoples of Perus Amazon jungle, numbering 45,000. They have successfully maintained their unique identity in the face of great change.

Amarakaeri  With Spanish Diglot    Ethnologue  Amarakaeri (amr)  There about 1,600 speakers of Amarakaeri living along the Madre de Dios and Colorado Rivers in southeastern Peru. Until the 1950s the Amarakaeri were one of the most isolated groups in the jungle.

Arabela  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue  Arabela (arl) There are only about 300 speakers of Arabela along the Arabela River in northeastern Peru. They were noted for their tall macaw-feathered headdresses and white bark cloth skirts.

Ash�inca Campa  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue  Ash�inca (cni)  They number close to 30,000, living along the eastern slopes of the Andes in Peru in the states of Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun� and Ucayali. Their distinctive face painting illustrates their strong ethnic identity. They have valued their language and preserved their customs despite strong outside influences.

Ash�inka Pajonalino  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue  (cjo)  There are about 12,000 Ash�inka Pajonal speakers on the western side of the Ucayali River in Peru. They wear distinctive v-neck ponchos and the women often paint their faces with achiote, a dye extracted from the seeds of the achiote bush.

Ash�inka Pichis  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue  Ash�inka Pichis (cpu)  The Ash�inka Pichis speakers form part of the Ash�inka language group. There are about 12,000 speakers of Ash�inka Pichis living in the Pichis Valley in the state of Pasco in Peru. They work lumber and market achiote seeds used for making the distinctive red dye.

Bora  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue  Bora (boa)  There are over 4,000 Bora speakers living along the northeastern border of Peru with Colombia.

Candoshi-Shapra  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Candoshi-Shapra (cbu)  There are about 1,900 speakers of Candoshi-Shapra. This group migrated from northern Cajamarca to their present location in northern Loreto in Peru. They were known for their distinctive feathered headdresses and brave warriors.

Capanahua  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Capanahua (kaq)  Only 275 people speak Capanahua. They live on the eastern tributaries of the Ucayali River in the state of Loreto, Peru. Only a few generations ago these people were living in extreme isolation. They were renowned for their hunting skills.

Caquinte  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Caquinte (cot)  There are 300 Caquinte speakers living in the foothills along the Poyeni and Agueni Rivers in southeastern Peru. Generosity and hospitality are strong values in the culture.

Cashibo-Cacataibo  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Cashibo-Cacataibo (cbr) There are up to 2,000 speakers of Cashibo-Cacataibo. They live in the eastern state of Ucayali in Peru along the Aguayt� River.

Chayahuita  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Chayahuita (cbt) The Chayahuita population has grown from 5,000 to over 12,000 in the last 50 years. The Chayahuitas live in a 150-mile triangle bordered by the Mara�n River to the north, the Andean foothills to the west and the Huallaga River to the southeast.

Huambisa  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Huambisa (hub)  The Huambisas number close to 10,000. They are located in northern Peru in the states of Amazonas and Loreto along the Morona and Santiago Rivers.

Kashinawa  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Kashinawa (cbs)  The Kashinawas number close to 5,500 in Brazil and Peru, living along the Alto Purs, Curanja and Breu Rivers. They used to live in large communal houses and still live in close family groups.

Machiguenga  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Machiguenga (mcb)  With a population of 11,000, the Machiguengas are one of the larger people groups of the Peruvian Amazon, scattered across the southeastern part of the Amazon Basin.

Mats�  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Mats� (mcf)  The Mats� people number about 1,200. Some live in Brazil along the Lobo River, and others in Peru in the state of Loreto, along the Lower Yaquerana River.

Nomatsiguenga  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Nomatsiguenga (not)  The Nomatsiguenga population is about 4,500, living in the foothills of the Andes in the state of Jun� between the Ene and Peren�Rivers. There are about 25 communities scattered all along these rivers and tributaries.

Quechua, Cajamarca  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Quechua, Cajamarca (qvc)  The 30,000 speakers of Cajamarca Quechua live in the state of Cajamarca in the northwestern Andes region of Peru.

Quescha, Huamalies-Dos De Mayo Huanuco  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Quechua, Huamal�s-Dos de Mayo (qvh) There are 72,500 Quechuas who speak a distinctive language in the eastern slopes of the central Peruvian Andes, in the provinces of Huamal�s and Dos de Mayo, in the state of Hu�uco. They live and work perched on steep mountain slopeing areas.

Quechua, Huaylas  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Quechua, Huaylas (qwh)  The Huaylas Quechuas number over 300,000 and live in small communities along 125 miles of the Huaylas Valley in the Andes of north central Peru. An earthquake in 1970 brought a huge piece of ice down from Mount Huascar� starting a mud slide that wiped out the town of Yungay.

Quechua, Lambayeque  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Quechua, Lambayeque (quf)  There are about 20,000 Lambayeque Quechua speakers in the state of Lambayeque in northern Peru. They live spread across 130 towns mostly accessible by foot or on horseback.

Quechua, Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Quechua, Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha (qvm)  114,000 Quechuas living in the districts of Margos, Yarowilca and Lauricocha speak this language.

Quechua, North Conchucos  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Quechua, North Conchucos (qxn)  There are 250,000 speakers of North Conchucos Quechua. They are located in the eastern part of the state of Ancash, Peru.

Quechua, North Jun�  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue Quechua, North Jun� (qvn)  60,000 people speak North Jun� Quechua in Peru. They continue to live self sufficient lives revolving around the agricultural cycle. With the construction of roads and access to the larger culture, the North Jun� Quechuas are gradually adopting the customs of outsiders.

Quechua, Pastaza (southern)  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Quechua, Pastaza (southern) (qup)  The Pastaza Quechuas number about 2,200. They live along the Pastaza River in the northwest jungle of Peru. There are about fifteen communities and several of them have active churches. Literacy materials and reading classes are encouraging the Pastaza Quechuas to read their own Scriptures.

Quechua, San Mart�  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Quechua, San Mart� (qvs)  There are 44,000 speakers of San Mart� Quechua living mostly along the Huallaga, Mayo, Sisa, and Mara�n Rivers of northern Peru.

Quechua, South Conchucos  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue Quechua, South Conchucos (qxo)  There are about 250,000 speakers of South Conchucos Quechua. They live in the east central state of Ancash. They live high in the Andes in typical two story adobe houses. Hard work and generosity are of high value in their culture. The women take pride in their hearty soups. It is said that you could eat soup for two months and not have the same soup twice. Although the use of Spanish is growing, most children enter school only speaking Quechua. Bible story books and literacy classes are encouraging the use of the translated Scriptures in South Conchucos Quechua

Quechua, Wanca  With Spanish Diglot Ethnologue Quechua, Wanca (Huaylla) (qvw)  There are about 250,000 speakers of Wanca Quechua living south and east of the Mantaro Valley in the state of Jun�, Peru. Their distinctive hats identify which community they are from. The Wanca Quechuas are known for their mantas, large square cloths woven with colorful stripes and intricate designs. The men are noted for their carved gourds depicting many of their cultural themes.

Sharanahua  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue Sharanahua (mcd)  The Sharanahuas call themselves the real people. They number under 1,000 speakers, living along the Purs River system in Peru and Brazil.

Shipibo  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue Shipibo-Conibo (shp) This large group of over 20,000 speakers live along the Ucayali River in the central Peruvian Amazon. Their first contact with the Western worlds dates back to the 17^th century the Spanish soldiers entered their territory.

Ticuna  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue Ticuna (tca)  The Ticunas number 18,000 living in Peru, Brazil and Colombia along the Amazon River from the Isla Cajacuma in the state of Loreto in Peru, to Fonte Boa in Brazil. They are noted for their fine wood work in their dug-out canoes and carved paddles. Ticuna men were fearsome warriors and skilled hunters.

Yagua  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue Yagua (yad) There are about 3,500 Yagua speakers living in a large area between Iquitos and Brazil in northeastern Peru. The Yaguas traditionally all lived together in a single communal house. This custom along with many others has given way to the larger Spanish culture. There are reading materials and primers prepared in Yagua.

Yaminahua  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue Yaminahua (yaa)  Although there are an estimated 325 Yaminahua speakers living in Peru along the Yura and Mapuya Rivers, there are an unknown number scattered in Brazil and Bolivia.

Yanesha'  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue Yanesha' (ame) The Yanesha' are a very gentle and peace loving people. They number about 7,000, living in the eastern foothills of the Andes in the states of Pasco and Jun� in Peru.

Yine  With Spanish Diglot  Ethnologue Yine (pib) The Yines were known as fierce warriors and conflicted often with neighboring tribal groups.